Integrative taxonomy reveals discovery of new blossom midge species infesting jasmine (Jasminum sambac) flower buds in India

Abstract

Blossom midges of the Contarinia genus pose a significant threat to ornamental and food crops. Recently, we discovered a new blossom midge species, Contarinia icardiflores Vasanthakumar & Firake sp. nov. causing economic losses to jasmine (Jasminum sambac) flower buds in India. It is similar to C. maculipennis Felt, the only previously known midge that infests jasmine flower buds. However, C. icardiflores is distinct in its genetic makeup compared to other blossom midge species occurring in India. This new species was described based on length of female flagellomere, female cerci, and the male aedeagus. This study includes molecular identification, morphological characters and biology of C. icardiflores on jasmine. C. icardiflores completes its life cycle in 16 to 21 days. Given the challenges in taxonomic identification, we sequenced a partial region of the mitochondrial COI gene for rapid and accurate identification of C. icardiflores. In addition to offering essential biological information, this study will facilitate the differentiation of the newly identified species C. icardiflores from other midge species infesting jasmine, thereby paving the way for improved pest management strategies in the affected regions.