Observation of 𝑡⁢𝑊⁢𝑍 Production at the CMS Experiment

Abstract

The first observation of single top quark production in association with a 𝑊 and a 𝑍 boson in proton-proton collisions is reported. The analysis uses data at center-of-mass energies of 13 and 13.6 TeV recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 200 fb−1. Events with three or four charged leptons, which can be electrons or muons, are selected. Advanced machine-learning algorithms and improved reconstruction methods, compared to an earlier analysis, result in an unprecedented sensitivity to 𝑡⁢𝑊⁢𝑍 production. The measured cross sections for 𝑡⁢𝑊⁢𝑍 production are 248 ±52 fb and 242 ±77 fb for √𝑠 =13 and 13.6 TeV, respectively. The signal is established with a statistical significance of 5.8 standard deviations, with 3.5 expected, compared to the background-only hypothesis.