Strong constraints on magnetized white dwarfs surpassing the Chandrasekhar mass limit

Abstract

We show that recently proposed white dwarf models with masses well in excess of the Chandrasekhar limit, based on modifying the equation of state by a superstrong magnetic field in the center, are very far from equilibrium because of the neglect of Lorentz forces. An upper bound on the central magnetic fields, from a spherically averaged hydrostatic equation, is much smaller than the values assumed. Robust estimates of the Lorentz forces are also made without assuming spherical averaging. These again bear out the results obtained from a spherically averaged model. In our assessment, these estimates rule out the possibility that magnetic tension could change the situation in favor of larger magnetic fields. We conclude that such super-Chandrasekhar models are unphysical, and exploration of their astrophysical consequences is premature.